Beginner Dialogues - Asking for Directions

Direction I

A : Excuse me. Is there a post office near here?
B : Yes. There's a post office at the end of the road.
A : Thank you.
B : You're welcome.



Direction II
A : Excuse me. Is there a bank near here?
B : Yes. There's one near here.
A : How do I get there?
B : At the roundabout, take the first turning on your left and go straight on. It's on the left.
A : Is it far?
B : Not really.
A : Thank you.
B : Don't mention it.

Personal Description

Word List
A) Appearance
1) I am / You are / He is / She is …
a) tall
b) small
c) overweight, fat
d) slim
e) young
f) old
g) … years old.
h) beautiful / pretty (Mädchen / Frau), handsome (Junge / Mann)
i) sun-tanned
j) pale

2) I have / You have / He has / She has (got) …
a) blue / green / grey / brown eyes
b) freckles
c) a beard
d) a full beard
e) a moustache
f) a goatee
g) a stubbly beard
h) blond hair
i) red hair
j) brown hair
k) black hair
l) dyed hair
m) blond highlights
n) short hair
o) long hair
p) straight hair
q) curly hair / curls
r) a bald head
s) a square / round / triangular / oval face
t) a big / small / long nose
u) big / small ears

B) Clothing and Accessories
1) I wear / You wear / He wears / She wears …
a) glasses
b) contact lenses

2) I am wearing / You are wearing / He/She is wearing …
a) earrings
b) a necklace
c) a wristband
d) a bracelet
e) a cap
f) a red scarf
g) a tie

C) Character
1) I am / You are / He is / She is …
a) shy
b) quiet
c) lively
d) active
e) easygoing
f) outgoing
g) nice
h) friendly
i) funny
j) happy
k) annoying
l) sad
m) aggressive
n) a pain in the neck
0) a little chatter box

EATING FRUIT...

It's long but very informative

� We all think eating fruits means just buying fruits, cutting it and just popping it into our mouths. It's not as easy as you think. It's important to know how and when to eat.

� What is the correct way of eating fruits?

� IT MEANS NOT EATING FRUITS AFTER YOUR MEALS! * FRUITS SHOULD BE EATEN ON AN EMPTY STOMACH.

� If you eat fruit like that, it will play a major role to detoxify your system, supplying you with a great deal of energy for weight loss and other life activities.

� FRUIT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT FOOD.

Let's say you eat two slices of bread and then a slice of fruit. The slice of fruit is ready to go straight through the stomach into the intestines, but it is prevented from doing so.

� In the meantime the whole meal rots and ferments and turns to acid. The minute the fruit comes into contact with the food in the stomach and digestive juices, the entire mass of food begins to spoil....

� So please eat your fruits on an empty stomach or before your meals! You have heard people complaining — every time I eat watermelon I burp, when I eat durian my stomach bloats up, when I eat a banana I feel like running to the toilet, etc — actually all this will not arise if you eat the fruit on an empty stomach. The fruit mixes with the putrefying other food and produces gas and hence you will bloat!

� Greying hair, balding, nervous outburst, and dark circles under the eyes all these will NOT happen if you take fruits on an empty stomach.

� There is no such thing as some fruits, like orange and lemon are acidic, because all fruits become alkaline in our body, according to Dr. Herbert Shelton who did research on this matter. If you have mastered the correct way of eating fruits, you have the Secret of beauty, longevity, health, energy, happiness and normal weight.

� When you need to drink fruit juice - drink only fresh fruit juice, NOT from the cans. Don't even drink juice that has been heated up. Don't eat cooked fruits because you don't get the nutrients at all. You only get to taste. Cooking destroys all the vitamins.

� But eating a whole fruit is better than drinking the juice. If you should drink the juice, drink it mouthful by mouthful slowly, because you must let it mix with your saliva before swallowing it. You can go on a 3-day fruit fast to cleanse your body. Just eat fruits and drink fruit juice throughout the 3 days and you will be surprised when your friends tell you how radiant you look!

� KIWI:

Tiny but mighty. This is a good source of potassium, magnesium, vitamin E & fiber. Its vitamin C content is twice that of an orange.

� APPLE:

An apple a day keeps the doctor away? Although an apple has a low vitamin C content, it has antioxidants & flavonoids which enhances the activity of vitamin C thereby helping to lower the risks of colon cancer, heart attack & stroke.

� STRAWBERRY:

Protective Fruit. Strawberries have the highest total antioxidant power among major fruits & protect the body from cancer-causing, blood vessel-clogging free radicals.

� ORANGE :

Sweetest medicine. Taking 2-4 oranges a day may help keep colds away, lower cholesterol, prevent & dissolve kidney stones as well as lessens the risk of colon cancer.

� WATERMELON:

Coolest thirst quencher. Composed of 92% water, it is also packed with a giant dose of glutathione, which helps boost our immune system. They are also a key source of lycopene — the cancer fighting oxidant. Other nutrients found in watermelon are vitamin C & Potassium.

� GUAVA & PAPAYA:

Top awards for vitamin C. They are the clear winners for their high vitamin C content.. Guava is also rich in fiber, which helps prevent constipation. Papaya is rich in carotene; this is good for your eyes.

� Drinking Cold water after a meal = Cancer!

Can u believe this?? For those who like to drink cold water, this article is applicable to you. It is nice to have a cup of cold drink after a meal. However, the cold water will solidify the oily stuff that you have just consumed. It will slow down the digestion. Once this 'sludge' reacts with the acid, it will break down and be absorbed by the intestine faster than the solid food. It will line the intestine. Very soon, this will turn into fats and lead to cancer. It is best to drink hot soup or warm water after a meal.

� A serious note about heart attacks HEART ATTACK PROCEDURE': (THIS IS NOT A JOKE!) Women should know that not every heart attack symptom is going to be the left arm hurting. Be aware of intense pain in the jaw line. You may never have the first chest pain during the course of a heart attack. Nausea and intense sweating are also common symptoms. Sixty percent of people who have a heart attack while they are asleep do not wake up. Pain in the jaw can wake you from a sound sleep. Let's be careful and be aware. The more we know the better chance we could survive.

Introducing and Greeting People

Word List
A) Greeting People
1) Hello. / Hi.
2) Good morning. (before 12 o'clock)
3) Good afternoon.(after 12 o'clock)
4) Good evening .

B) Introducing People
1) What's your name?
2) Who are you?
3) My name is ...
4) I am ...
5) My friends call me ...
6) You can call me ...
7) Haven't we met (before)?
8) Yes, I think we have.
9) No, I don't think we have.
10) I think we've already met.
11) I don't think we've met (before).
12) This is ...
13) Meet ...
14) Have you met ...?
15) Yes, I have.
16) No, I haven't.
17) Yes, I think I have.
18) No, I don't think I have.
19) Hello, ... (name)
20) Nice to meet you. (informal)
21) Pleased to meet you.
22) How do you do? (formal)
23) Nice to see you.
24) Nice to see you again.

C) Say Goodbye
1) Good bye.
2) Bye. / See you.
3) See you later.
4) See you soon.
5) See you tomorrow.
6) See you next week.
7) Good night.

D) Health
1) How are you?
2) How are you today?
3) Fine, thank you/thanks.
4) Not too bad.
5) Very well.
6) I'm okay / all right.
7) Not too well, actually.
8) What's wrong with you?
9) What's the matter with you?
10) Are you all right?
11) I'm tired .
12) I'm exhausted .
13) I've got a cold.

Lonestar Amazed Lyrics

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cte-gPKaVDA

Colors of the Wind by Vanessa Williams

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J8rU2CK_1FI

Michael Jackson - Billy Jean

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3PAJqgeeJf4&feature=related

Chicken Little Rap

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FzgfKeF5rrg&NR=1

Model Sentences For Informal Letter

Opening Remarks

Some common opening remarks are :
1. How are you? I hope you and all at home are in the pink.
2. Thank you for your interesting letter which I received a few days ago.
3. I received your letter yesterday / a few days ago.
4. What a surprise! It’s really good to hear from you.
5. How is everyone in the family? Well, I hope you are fine.
6. I am really glad to hear from you after such a long time.
7. How are you? I am sorry I couldn’t write earlier as I was busy preparing for my examination.
8. This letter will probably come as a surprise to you.
9. What a pleasant surprise it was to hear from you after such a long time.

Extending Invitations
1. Would you like to join me on a trip to Pulau Redang?
2. How about coming over to Penang next weekend?
3. I would like to invite you to my sister’s wedding which will take place on the 15th of October.
4. My friends and I are planning to go camping during the coming holidays. Why don’t you and your friends come along?
5. If you have not made any plans for the holidays, perhaps you would like to join us on a trip to Genting Highlands.

Responding to Invitations / Accepting Invitations
1. I’d be glad to join you and your friends on the trip to Cameron Highlands.
2. I’d love to come over to your house this weekend.
3. Thank you for your invitation. I’d be glad to come to your farewell party.
4. Of course I would love to attend your sister’s wedding. Thank you for inviting me.

Declining Invitations
1. Thank you for your invitation. However, I am sorry I will have to turn it down as I have already promised my mother that I’d go shopping with her.
2. Although I’d love to join you, I am sorry to say that I will not be able to make it as I have to study for my examination.
3. I am sorry to inform you that I will not be able to attend your sister’s wedding.

Giving Information
1. I would like to inform you that I have just been offered a scholarship to study overseas.
2. Didn’t you hear the good news? I got the Best Student Award for my SPM exam results.
3. You are not going to believe what I am going to tell you. I have just been informed that I won the first prize in a slogan-writing contest recently.
4. I had a most terrifying experience last Thursday while I was on my way to work.
5. I am sure that you’d be glad to know that I have passed my PMR exam with flying colours.
6. Did you know that Parkson is having a mega sale?

Giving Advice
1. If you ask me, I will advise you to accept the job.
2. I really think you should give up your part-time job and concentrate on your studies.
3. If I were you, I will discuss the matter with my parents first, before making a decision.
4. I think you should think carefully before you decide what to do.
5. Apply for the scholarship as there is no harm in trying.

Do Re Mi

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fvWjbdJwx90

Characteristics of Patrick Flynne (Potato People by Angela Wright)

a) responsible and loyal
~ sits high up in the old oak tree as a look-out for Mr Graystone and his men.
~ warns the villagers whenever he sees any signs of them
~ tries to help Sean when he is caught by the soldiers

b) desperate
~ eats anything in order to survive
~ willing to eat roots, leaves, chicks and even the meat of a dead dog

c) kind
~ helps the poor
~ shares his food with a stranger, Marie, although he does not have enough for himself

d) brave and adventurous
~ knows he is beginning a great adventure and that his life will never be the same again.
~ fights in some of the bloodiest battles in the terrible war.
~ after the war, gains the rank of captain and the respect of his men.

e) determined and hardworking
~ takes the worst jobs for the lowest pay and often goes hungry .
~ takes many years of hard work before they are accepted.

e) trusting
~ listens to Sean when he asks him to leave Ireland
~ thinks well of his friends, particularly Sean
~ believes in everything that Marie tells him

f) naive (innocent)
~ has never seen the sea, and how the rich people live
~ is unaware of the danger he is in

g) patriotic

~ although he has left Ireland forever, still remembers his country

~ never forgets what happened in Ireland

Main Character in Potato People by Angela Wright

Patrick Flynne

Background
~ originated from the little village of Skullgoragh in Ireland.
~ born to poor farming family, living on land owned by Lord Francis Egham.
~ became an orphan by the time he was 16 years old.
~ saw his family succumb to the epidermic outbreaks following the Great Hunger of 1840’s.
~ choosen by his fellow villagers to be the lookout for the arrival of the landlord’s men.
~ lived alone in his father’s cottage which was later razed to the ground by Lord Egham’s men.
~ had never gone beyond the confines of his village and the land surrounding it.
~ had apparently never received any schooling, even when his parents were alive.
~ appeared to have strong survival instincts as shown by his actions during the potato famine.
~ foraged for food, eating bitter leaves, strange roots, wayside weeds and even rotten meat of a dead dog
~ appeared to have a good friend in Sean, a fellow orphan who kept a brotherly eye over him.

Role In The Story
~ selected as the village look-out on account of his good eyesight, Patrick took his duty seriously.
~ perched among the branches of an old oak tree. He kept a constant look-out for Lord Egham’s men.
~ ran to warn his fellow villagers when he saw the unexplained approach of some British soldiers.
~ watched helplessly when the landlord’s overseer, Mr Graystone had his whole village razed to the ground.
~ knew then that the overseer, Mr.Graystone, had brought the British soldiers to control them.
~ witnessed the streams of desperate and hungry people who, like him, were leaving Ireland.
~ met a kind and generous Peter O’Connor, carrying an orphan child , along the way to Cork.
~ met a street-smart Gypsy girl, Marie, who assumed the role of mentor as they made for Cork.
~ found the port of Cork full of soldiers and desperate crowds, pushing and shoving to get on ships.
~ watched with great fear, clashes between the hungry masses and the soldiers guarding the warehouses.
~ found Sean at the Three Cats Inn, given a hearty meal and enough money for their sea passage.
~ instructed by Sean to book tickets for himself and Marie on the Zeus, which was leaving soon for America.
~ refused to believe Sean had stolen the bag of shiny gold coins from some rich person.
~ shocked and still disbelieving when Sean was subsequently taken away, in chains, by some soldiers.
~ agreed not to interfere in Sean’s case only after great persuasion from Marie.
~ arrived safely on American soil after a difficult crossing of the Atlantic Ocean in the crowded ship.
~ determined to make a new life for himself and Marie, he worked hard and they often went hungry.
~ decided to join the Union Army of the North in the Americian Civil War, 1861-1865.
~ fought hard against slavery and gained the rank of captain by the end of the war in 1865.

~ faced hardships together with Marie and stayed loyal to each other
~ married Marie and together they went westwards to find employment with the railway company.
~ worked with the Union Pacific to build the first railways, spinning the eastern and western states.
~ settled permanently in California as a cattle rancher and wealthy landowner.

Plot - Potato People by Angela Wright

1. EXPOSITION
~ Patrick, an orphan, was introduced to the readers
~ He lived in Skullgoragh
~ The villagers would soon be evicted.
~ Mr Graystone and his men arrived with the British soldiers.

2. CONFLICTS
~ Patrick’s village was razed to the ground.
~ Sean told Patrick to go to an inn called ‘ Three Cats ’ .
~ Patrick was horrified by what he saw along the journey.
~ Patrick met Peter but could not continue the journey with him as the little girl was sick.
~ Patrick met Marie and went through a few soul searching adventures with her.
~ Patrick met Sean who gave him the stolen money for his passage to America.
~ Patrick witnessed Sean being captured by the soldiers.

3. CLIMAX
~ Sean was hanged for robbery and murder.
~ Patrick and Marie had to hide in the ship ‘ Zeus ’.

4. RESOLUTION
~ Patrick learned how Sean got the money.
~ Patrick and Marie made their way to America successfully.
~ They were married and eventually settled down in a small cattle ranch in California.

Guidelines on Summary Writing

Step 1 Understand the Question and Passage


1. Read the question carefully.

2. Ask yourself what are you supposed to summarise?

3. Read the passage carefully to get a general idea or what is the writer talking about?


Step 2 Identify the Main Points


1. Change Summary task into a question.

e.g. Summarise in not more than 60 words the uses of water.

a) Change it into a question - What are the uses of water?

b) As you read, look for answers to the above questions

- anything that answers the question is a point.

- anything that does not answer the question is not a point.

c) With the question in mind, read the text again slowly and carefully to locate main points.

d) Each paragraph usually contains 1 main point

e) Most paragraphs – the main idea can usually be found at the beginning or end of the paragraph

f) Look out for transitional linkers like besides that, moreover, on top of that, furthermore, also, etc. – usually used to indicate new points.


Step 3 Condense the Text

1. Summary must be short and concise.

2. Condensing information means economise on the number of words without changing the original meaning of the passage.

3. How to shorten

a) use a generic word - writers often give examples to illustrate an idea.

The examples can be replaced with one word

e.g. (i) mug, plate, cup, bowl = crockery
(ii) T-shirt, pants, jacket, coat = clothes

b) leave out unnecessary details

e.g. The brave soldier, whose wife died in an automobile accident last year, was awarded the Pingat Panglima Perkasa at the Istana Negara yesterday. The award was for saving the life of a drowning child.

To summarise the paragraph above, you have to decide the following :

* What are the main points?

The soldier was given an award for saving the life of a child.

* What details should be left out?

- the information about his wife

- the venue of the award ceremony

- the name of the award

c) leave out repetitions / redundant sentences

- writers sometimes like to repeat their ideas to stress a point, usually marked by expressions such as in short, in other words, etc.

d) Use Your Own Words

- asked to use your own words as far as possible - does not mean you cannot use words from the passage.

- Sometimes there are words that you just cannot replace with other words

- need to paraphrase or restructure your sentences

- do not change the original meaning of the text

Step 4 Maintain Cohesion

1. After identifying and paraphrasing all your points, link all your points well.

2. Use transitional linkers which help to identify points and link ideas.

3. Use

a) connectors such as in addition, besides, furthermore, on top of that - to show similar ideas.

b) Linkers such as although, however, on the other hand - to show contrast.

Model Question on SPEECH / TALK

•You have attended a seminar on studying tips. You are required to share what you have learnt with your friends during the English Language Society Motivation Course. Write a talk on studying tips which you would like to present to your friends.

•Use the notes below to help you write your talk :
* proper management of time
* make notes
* study in groups
* have a schedule or a timetable
* get guidance from the counsellor or any subject teacher concerned

When writing your talk :
* use all the notes given
* elaborate on the given notes to make it more interesting
* make sure it is not less than 120 words

Good morning to the principal, teachers and all my fellow friends. I would like to take this opportunity to thank the English Language Society for giving me this opportunity to present my talk. Today, I would like to share with you the knowledge I gained while attending a seminar. My talk is on ‘Studying Tips’.

We find studying a chore. Some of us become so stressed up after studying. Let me give some tips on studying well. First and foremost, ask yourself if you have been managing your time properly. Do you have time for study, time for a little entertainment and time to build up your social life? If your answer is “No”, then, it is time you must manage your time in an organised manner. Plan your time so that you have time for relaxation, too. As the saying goes, “All works and no play make Jack a dull boy”.

Whenever you study, do you make notes? It is good to read through your books and make brief notes so that you are able to digest the subject at hand. Look out for important main details and supporting points.

Another important point is studying in a group. Try to have a study group of four or five people. Discuss topics which you are unsure of. Do not sidetrack, but be serious with what you want to talk about.

In addition to that, it is good to have a timetable or a schedule to guide you on the things you want to do. Following a timetable will make you be more disciplined. You also learn to manage your time well. Try planning a timetable.

Finally, it is a good idea to get help from your counsellors and subject teachers if you are lost. Seek for advise. Ask for further explanation if you are unsure of a subject matter. I am sure your teachers will be willing to give a helping hand.

Before I end my talk, I hope you will follow these pointers that I have mentioned earlier.

Thank you for listening.

Guidelines on Speech / Talk

•A speech is an informal or formal talk that you give to an audience.
•You give speeches during special occasions like school assemblies, student gatherings and other social occasions like weddings, anniversaries, dinners and farewell parties.

•When making speeches, you should :
* greet your audience
* give a brief opening and introduce your topic
* present your points clearly and in a systematic manner – one point at a time and elaborating effectively and adequately on each point
* Conclude your speech / talk
* Thank your audience


Model Sentences for Speeches

a) Opening Address

(i) A very good morning to the Principal, teachers and all my fellow friends. It gives me great honour to stand here in front of you all and give this speech.

(ii) Good morning to the Principal, teachers and fellow students. First and foremost, thank you for giving me an opportunity to give a speech on ‘Life Today is Better’.

b) Introducing the topic

(i) Today, I am going to talk on the topic “How to Keep Our Teeth Clean and Healthy”.
(ii) Without wasting any more time, I would like to introduce my topic today, and that is “Qualities of a Responsible Prefect”.
(iii) My talk today is entitled, “How to Prepare for Exams”.

How to make your speech interesting

(1) Involve the reader
I am sure you all know that in spite of the many road safety campaigns, the number of road accidents keeps on rising year after year.

(2) Ask questions
Did you know that more than 3000 people died on the roads last year?

(3) Provide facts and elaborate on them
Statistics reveal that the major cause of road accidents is the carelessness of the drivers themselves. This is followed by road conditions, flat tyres, vehicles which are not road worthy and others.

Guidelines on Argumentative Question

•Read and understand the task of the question.
•Jot down the main points, both for and against the argument.
•Make a clear stand.
•Support your points with logical reasons and examples.
•Each point of view should be in a separate paragraph.
•End with your conclusion which must be your own opinion.


a) Different ways of giving opinion
–In my opinion, living in the countryside is better than living in the town.
–My opinion on this matter is…..
–It is my opinion that ….
–I strongly feel that…..
–Personally, I am of the opinion that …..
–Frankly, I think that ….
–From my point of view, I think …..
–In my view, ….
–If you ask me, my opinion is …..
–As I see it, ….
–I am in favour of ….
–As far as I am concerned, ….
–It seems to me that …..


b) Giving reasoned opinions

i) To start
- First of all, …… / Firstly, …..
- In the first place, ….. / To begin with, …

ii) To add information or points in support of an existing opinion
- Furthermore, …..
- Besides, …..
- Moreover, ….
- Apart from this, ….
- In addition, …..
- Other than that,…..
- Another advantage is that …..
- Added to this is the fact that …..
- Similarly, ……

iii) To show an opposite stand or to show contrasting information
- But
- However, ….
- On the one hand, ….
- On the other hand, ….
- On the contrary, ….
- Nevertheless, …
- In contrast, …
- Conversely, ….
- Alternatively, ….

iv) To agree with a viewpoint or opinion
- I am also of the opinion that ….
- Yes, I agree that ….
- I share your view that ….
- It is true that …..
- I could not agree more with you that ….

v) To disagree with a viewpoint or opinion
- I disagree with the view that …..
- I do not quite agree with you that ….
- I do not think that ….
- I am afraid, I do not agree with you …..
- I am inclined to disagree with you ….

vi) To end an argument
- Finally / Lastly / Hence
- In conclusion
- The gist of the argument is ….
- Therefore, …
- For these reasons, I feel that …..
- Considering these reasons …..
- After taking into consideration all these factors, I feel that ….

Types of Connectors

1. To show addition / add another point to existing ones :
- also , as well as , besides , furthermore , and , moreover , in addition , in the same way.

2. To give examples / illustration :
- for example , for instance , such as , for one thing, in this way , by doing so, in other words, a good example is,

3. To show contrast / connect two opposite ideas :
- in spite of this , on the other hand , instead, on the contrary, on the one hand, conversely, nevertheless, in contrast, yet,

4. To show result / conclusion
- as a result , therefore , consequently , so, accordingly , thus , in conclusion

5. To arrange ideas in sequence (order, time and place) :
a) Order : first / firstly, second / secondly, next, then, later, after this, subsequently, after that, finally / lastly
b) Time : while, since, when, meanwhile, until, till
c) Place : where, wherever

6. To connect another point to make the existing argument stronger / show emphasis :
- in fact, as a matter of fact, indeed , certainly, this is why, definitely

Sample on Giving Opinion / Argumentative Essay

Halimah and Dollah are talking about the National Service in Malaysia. Read the dialogue between them. Who do you agree with?
Use the points in the conversation below to write the composition.

Halimah : My brother is going for the National Service next month.
Dollah : That’s wonderful. I will have to wait till I finish my SPM next year.
Halimah : My brother says that it’s a waste of time. He is reluctants to go.
Dollah : It’s not a waste of time! In fact, it’s good for young people like us. The National Service trains us to be disciplined, independent and patriotic. During the three months of training, we gain new values and outlook.
Halimah : Are you sure that we can achieve these in three months? I doubt so. The National Service is mainly having physical activities. I also think it is a waste of time. It delays our going to college by three months.
Dollah : It’s not just physical activities. We learn history and national ideology. We will also have computer classes.

When writing your composition :
- you may use all the notes given.
- elaborate on the given notes to make it more interesting
- make sure it is not less than 120 words

I agree with ______________feel strongly that every teenager should go ____________________________. National Service in Malaysia is implemented for 18-year-old ___________________________. Generally, it is good for them to spend the _________________________while waiting for their __________________________.

During the programme, they learn a lot of things like ________________________. The objectives are to ______________________ like __________________ for the country, enhance ______________________ among the multiracial community and produce an ________________________________. The trainees will come out of the three months’ National Service as stronger and much more ______________________________ .

At home, they tend to take their home comfort and family members for granted. During the training, they live _______________________ from their family. While at the camps, they gain a lot in terms of becoming more ____________________________________, __________________________________________________ to the country. These are good traits to acquire. And such traits will stay with the young people and later help them to ________________________________________________.

As for Halimah’s argument that school-leavers will go to _________________________, this is rather insignificant. Many school-leavers do not join a college straight away after ___________________ . During the three months of ___________________, the trainees learn and gain a __________________________________ . Thus it certainly is not a ________________________________________ . In fact, it is a very _________________________________ before they proceed to colleges for a _________________________________________ .

In conclusion, I feel it is clear that the National Service is ____________ _____________________________.

{school leavers ; national ideology and history ; beneficial to the youth of today ; in camps away ; independent, disciplined and patriotic ; three months training ; go for the National Service ; good experience for school-leavers ; lot of skills and knowledge ; active, intelligent and confident generation ; adjust to the working life ; college three months later ; after leaving school ; examination results ; national service training ; tertiary education ; thoughtful citizens enhance unity ; Dollah ; waste of time ; loyalty}

GUIDELINES FOR SECTION B (RATIONAL CLOZE)

SECTION B (RATIONAL CLOZE)

- Test on the usage of Grammar – in Paper 1 under Section B (Rational Cloze)
- Given a passage with 8 blanks (Questions 11 – 18)
- Require to fill each blank with one suitable grammar item.
- Given 3 or 4 options (A, B and C or A, B, C and D) for each question. Choose the best answer

Grammar items which are commonly tested in the examination are :
a) tenses
b) articles
c) subject – verb agreement
d) conjunctions
e) prepositions
f) adjectives
g) adverbs
h) pronouns


GUIDELINES
- Allocate only about 10 minutes for this section
- First, read through the whole passage to get the gist.
- While reading, look out for clues that may help you to identify the answers that may be found in the passage.
- Next, look at the context of the blank, that is, the words that come before and after the blank. These words may act as clues to identify the correct answer.
- Check the tenses, subject-verb agreement, parts of speech and vocabulary.
- Choose the best answer from the options A, B and C or A, B, C and D for each blank. Eliminate those options that are clearly incorrect.
- Finally, read through the whole text again to make sure that your answers are grammatically correct and that the passage itself makes sense.

Some tips to remember :
1) ‘do / does / did’ and ‘to’ – always followed by based form of verbs
2) Modal verbs
E.g will / would, shall / should, can / could, may / might, ought to, etc. – always followed
by based form of verbs
3) ‘before’, ‘while’, ‘when’ or ‘after’ – normally followed by present participles (verb + -ing)
4) a) ‘a’ for singular countable nouns that begin with consonant sounds
b) 'an’ for singular countable nouns that begin with vowel sounds (a, e, i, o, u) or (silent ‘h’)
c) ‘the’ is used for unique words or words that have already been mentioned.
5) a) Plural forms – they, we, them, us, theirs, etc
b) Singular forms – he, she, it, his, hers, its, etc
6) Subject-verb agreement
a) singular subject takes singular verb
(i) add ‘s’, ‘es’, ‘ies’ to verbs
(ii) use of ‘has’, ‘is’, ‘does’
b) plural subject takes plural verb (including I and You)
(i) takes plural verb – no ‘s’ to verbs
(ii) use of ‘have’, ‘do’, ‘are’, etc .
(iii) but for ‘I’ – use ‘am’, ‘was’

MODEL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 1


Questions 11 – 18 are based on the following text.
n It was a dark ___________ (11) stormy night. We were riding back _______________ (12) supplies from town. We had been travelling for about an hour and it was getting very cold. I shivered and decided to button up ______________ (13) jacket. I looked across at Gary. His face was hidden by his hat. Suddenly, Gary’s horse _____________ (14) a shadow. It sprang sideways and rose on its hind legs. Gary _____________ (15) to the rocky ground. _______________ (16), a flash of lightning split in the dark sky and flashed the image of Gary as he lay crumpled and bleeding _______________ (17) the ground. I went to ______________ (18) aid but as I bent down close to Gary, I could see that he was no longer breathing.


11 A) but B) and C) or D) also
12 A) from B) which C ) with D) that
13 A) my B) its C) I D) his
14 A) see B) seen C) has seen
15 A) fling B) flung C) was flung
16 A) At the moment B) However C) Besides that
17 A) in B) at C) on D) from
18 A) him B) he C) his D) himself

Courage Is - The Strange Familiar

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cXrWRM0E6YA

Just Believe

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OpECBDzOITE&feature=related

Great Love Motivational Song - Very Cute!!.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bmQd2t-Ddmg

New Free Distant Healing Session
Sunday September 13, 2009 7-8pm Pacific Time

I'm doing another free distant energy healing session for everyone on my email list and all their friends, families, and anyone else who reads this. The main healing session will be on Sunday Sept. 13, 2009 from 7-8pm Pacific Time or California Time (10-11pm EST).

You can join this free distant energy healing session by using your intention to be included. If you wish to join, just close your eyes for a minute when you read this and mentally say that you intend to join the session and want to be included. That is all you have to do to connect with the energy and you don't have to do anything else. Healing energy can begin to flow to you once you do this as many people who have done this before have reported. I'll be doing unscheduled energy adjustments leading up to the 9/13 main session and you can receive a lot of healing energy before the main session on Sun. 9/13.

You can include other people by following the instructions later in this email.

For those who want to know more about this work you can read my website http://www.qigongenergyhealing.com/. I was the past Secretary of the International Tibetan Qigong Association and found I had a gift for distant energy healing after recovering from a serious spinal cord injury.

This is not a telephone or Internet session. All you do is just relax and sit or lie down during the session and pay attention to what is happening in your body. Because there will be many people in the session, I please ask that you don't email or call to join. I wouldn't be able to handle all the email unless it is done this way. You join simply by using your intention after reading this email. Also because this will be a big group I won't be able to answer questions before the session and I'll give the details you will need in this email. Please feel free to email me your experiences after the session is over.

Besides the main healing session I'll be doing regular unscheduled energy adjustments leading up to Sept. 13 for those who intend to join before the main session. People can begin to notice effects of the energy adjustments soon after intending to join. Sensitive people can feel the effects of this adjustment period strongly before the main session. Here are comments from people who felt the energy working soon after intending to join.

"This is my first experience with this type of healing and I was skeptical. I am sensitive and from the time I joined I have felt this flow of energy and coolness. It's quite interesting."

Hi, "just the minute i intended to take part, while reading the e-mail, i could feel the energy! i felt waves and waves of energy. thanks so much for sharing this blessing with us!" anna

M: "I just joined for the session and soon I started to feel tingling sensations in my upper arms and my legs. And when I set back in the chair, it encompassed my entire body." Linda

Michael, "Shortly after I signed up, I started to feel some tingling sensation around my feet. The vibration got stronger and started to work its way up into my ankles, calves and thighs. And now 24 hours later, I'm still feeling the effects of it. If this is what you call unscheduled intermittent adjustments WOW. I can't wait for the main session to start. Thank you very much" Verna

This is not a telephone or Internet session. To receive the energy you just sit or lie down and relax on Sunday Sept. 13 from 7-8 PM Pacific or Los Angeles, California Time (10-11pm EST) and receive the energy. Even if you have to be active during the session you can still receive great benefit. If you live in a different country you can convert the time on the Internet by searching for a World Time Clock.

The energy works on many levels, physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual. Even though this is a group healing session, the energy will work with everyone individually. The energy is intelligent and knows best how to work with your energy system. The energy infuses light and energy into your energy field and can clear and balance the chakras, acupuncture meridians and other energetic channels. The energy won't get dissipated with a large group and can even get stronger with more people. Distance isn't a problem and you can receive this energy anywhere in the world.

I ask for your help and please forward this to anyone you think may be interested. Anyone can join even if they haven't done this work before. It's easier to forward this email by clicking the forward button in your email program than use the link at the bottom of the page. You can post this wherever you think it would be helpful, message boards, blogs, Facebook and other social websites, chat rooms, twitter, etc.. If you want to just post a url instead of the whole message then here is a url to my blog that gives all the information about the free session. http://www.mohoric.wordpress.com/

You can help many people by forwarding this email. Because we are in a time of major transformation predicted by many different ancient cultures, it is easier than ever to transform negative beliefs and energy patterns.

Many spiritual traditions teach that we are all connected and now some Quantum Physicists are saying the same thing. These ancient teachings often mention the most important thing we can do is help others. When we help others we are also helping ourselves because we are all connected.

In Chaos Theory there is a term called the butterfly effect. This term is used to suggest that small actions or variations in a system can affect giant and complex systems. It suggests that possibly a butterfly flapping it's wings in one part of the world over time could create a tornado in another part of the world or change it's direction. If you send this email to others we don't know how it will affect the bigger picture. You could send it to your friends and they could send it to their friends and it could affect hundreds of people or many people could read it on a message board.

I'm only a conduit for the energy and not the source and give all credit to the Universe, Divine, Spirit or whatever term one may want to use. The energy helps people to adjust their energy field so they can heal themselves. I believe all healing is self healing. I'm very grateful for this gift and happy to share it.

I liken what I do to the transmitting antenna of a radio station. I'm not the source of the energy and just transmit the universal energy and frequencies. When you use your intention to join the session it is like a radio tuning into a radio station. When you post and email this to your friends then you are transmitting the healing energy to them. We will all be broadcasting healing energy to many thousands of people all around the planet.

A few other people wrote these comments after sessions.

Maureen Moss is the Executive Producer and host of World Puja Network, which is one of the oldest and largest holistic global Internet programs. She is the author of several books and wrote this about Michael's work; "The power of his work has continuously astounded me and shifted me! Michael Mohoric is one of the best energy healers I have ever had the pleasure of working with in my life... Michael is a Master Conductor of Energy!"

Sandy Johnson, is the author of "Mystics & Healers, Travels Into The World of Mystics, Shamans, & Miracle Makers", a book about healers with unusual abilities including John of God. She wrote this about this energy work after the book was published; "Even with all my exposure to healers of all types, this work leaves me amazed."

Ingrid Bacci has authored best-selling books, CD's and DVD's on self-healing and is a respected healer. She is a former professor and graduate of Harvard and Columbia Universities. Ingrid wrote the following about this work.

Hello Michael: "I want to thank you from my heart for the session Wednesday, the first I have experienced with you. As a 'healer', or facilitator of energy flow from the Universe, I recognized immediately the purity and effectiveness of your work. Before the session started, on Wednesday morning, I could feel some old emotional toxins come up and then clear. During the session itself, I felt first some 'kriya' spasms, then very strong images of gushing blue water, and then felt the energy working to open up my entire cranium and rebalance me at a deeper level in that area. I am well aware that the more 'open' our system, the more energy we can both receive and transmit, and your work felt truly profound. I also found the work very 'instructive' in the sense of guiding me to where I need to work within myself to receive at deeper levels, and a higher energy for helping others heal. Feel free to share these comments if you like. I look forward to working together more with you. Blessings, light, and many thanks," Ingrid Bacci

You can print this out and mail it to friends who don't have email to join the session. You can also read this to people over the phone if they don't have email and they'll get the energy when they use their intention to join.

For those in foreign countries you can translate this into your native language and send it to your friends to include them. Just try and stay as close and true as you can to the meaning of this email. You can leave out the testimonials in your translation.

How to Include Others

If you want to include other family members living at home in the session then just write their names on a piece of paper and put "Energy Healing" at the top of the page. Leave the paper out in the open on a counter or desk. Please don't send me their names in an additional email. You need to get other adult's permission to be included (don't tell me). You don't need to get your children's permission. Anyone else outside your home will have to join by reading this email and using their intention to join. You can also include your pets by putting their names on the paper. Animals love the energy and respond very positively.

This isn't a phone session. You can be anywhere and receive the energy. Your intent to join is the connection. You could be in your car or on a plane and still receive the energy. It's best to try and be quiet during the session on Sun. 9/13 and just notice what is happening in your body. You can sit or lie down. You can still be active and get good results during the session but optimal results are obtained by being quiet during the session. It's ok to sleep during the session. It's helpful to not bathe right after the session, wait until the next morning. Try to avoid cold drinks the night of the main session. It's also good to take it easy the next day after the session and if you exercise do it very moderately. It's best to use the energy for healing and not for a lot of activity. The energy can continue to work in your body several days or more after the session.

I like to hear from people after the session so please feel free to email me your experience and I may have some feedback for you.

If you are not on my email list and would like to receive notices about other free sessions and my monthly newsletter then you can sign up through my website. http://www.qigongenergyhealing.com/

Don't subscribe with the link at the bottom of this email. You don't have to sign up to be on my email list to receive the energy. I send monthly notices when I start new monthly sessions and I also do these free sessions about every two months. Once I've worked with someone I will then be able to send them energy in case they are ever caught in a disaster area to help them cope with the situation.

If after the session you would like to do more work with me then you can sign up through my website. I offer a monthly healing program for $99.

There is no set time for the unscheduled adjustments before the main session on Sunday 9/13/09 and you can receive this energy at any time. The unscheduled adjustments before the session can be a very powerful time. You may notice many things before, during and after the session. Some people may feel peaceful, energized, centered, balanced and sleep better. Others may be more emotional, restless and lethargic as they detoxify, which is very good. There can be a lot of purification happening on many levels during this time, emotional, mental and physical.

Before and during the session people can feel different energy sensations working in their body. Some of these feelings can be tingling, electrical, vibrating, heat, coolness, cold, pressure, lightness and other things. If you feel very cold then this is a sign that old stagnant energy is leaving your system. Try to stay warm if you feel very cold.

It is ok if you have to be active during the session. Many people have to work or take care of their families during this time. It can still be very beneficial if you aren't able to be quiet. It reduces the effects some but a lot of energy can still get in. You can also sleep during the session. This is good way to receive the energy because you will be relaxed.

Try not to work on anything during the session, just be receptive and let the energy do it's work. The energy knows where to work where it is most needed in your system. I've worked with thousands of people this way and get many reports from surprised people when the energy often finds their blockages even though they haven't told me their symptoms.

Usually a great majority of people will have very positive results from the session. Some people are more sensitive and can feel a lot of energy moving in their body. Others may not feel the energy but will notice good effects. Before and after the sessions people can feel calm, centered, energized and balanced. They can also feel their pain greatly reduced or eliminated. Like any modality this won't work for everyone but most people see great results.

Don't worry if you feel odd pains come and go leading up to the main session. This is good. As the energy clears the blockage in an area it can result in temporary pain. Also people can feel extra emotional during this time, which is also very good. From a Qigong and Traditional Chinese Medical perspective much dis-ease is caused by emotional repression. The energy from these repressed emotions get stored in the organs and tissues of the body. The energy from the sessions can help to release these stored emotions. When we release repressed emotions then we can bring about deep healing. It takes a lot of energy to hold down the emotions and when they are released we can have much more energy available to us.

Sometimes people can have very beautiful and peaceful dreams during the sessions. Others can have some strange dreams. This is also beneficial. The sessions can help people to release old negative energy. The energy works like a virus detection program on a computer and can remove and cancel negative energy patterns, beliefs and programming. Some people will notice that some of their old negative ways of thinking will simply be gone and sometimes addictions fall away. Don't worry if you have scary dreams during the sessions. As one releases old repressed fear out of their energy system then the mind can give it a symbol. The symbols and fear are coming from your own mind. The energy work is not causing anything, only helping to release old stuck energy and emotions.

The energy helps to purify, cleanse and detoxify the body and mind. As the energy works through the energy blockages it can cause toxins to be released that are stored in the area. Some people may feel achy or tired at times leading up to the session. This is good and very, very helpful in the healing process. Tiredness is a sign that the body is using most of it's energy for healing. Many modalities recognize the positive effects from detoxification. You may also find that you have to go to the bathroom more as you release toxins. During the purification process your organs of elimination will be energetically supported to help them release the toxins. I have done this process with thousands of people and the energy always works for people's highest good. If you don't feel good some of the time, try and hold the thought that you are healing.

The time leading up to and a little while after the main energy session can be a little bit like a roller coaster ride. You can feel very energized one day and then tired the next day as you release more toxins. Just realize that every time you don't feel good that it is a powerful time for healing and that you are raising the vibration of your energy system.

I am very grateful for this opportunity to work with everyone.
Michael

Disclaimer: I, Michael Mohoric, am not a medical doctor and do not practice medicine. I don't diagnose, heal, cure or treat disease. I recommend people continue to see their medical doctors and follow their advice. My work is a complement to conventional medicine. This spiritual energy work is not a substitute for conventional medical treatment of any kind, physical or psychological. For such issues you should seek the proper licensed physician or health care professional. This energy work may help the bio-field to come into energetic balance. Qigong theory believes when one's energy field is in balance, the body's latent healing ability can heal itself. I make no promises or guarantees about the results of this work.

Michael Mohoric
Qigong Energy Healing

The Prodigal Son of the Wine Market

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BkZCibz6iaw

Adjectives

What are adjectives?

1) words that are used to clarify a noun.

2) can be one word or a group of words.

3) sometimes used with certain verbs (such as the verb "to be" - 'am', 'is', 'are', 'was', 'were').

- used to clarify the subject that is doing the action.

4) to describe color, material, shape, size, amount, price, quality, origin, personality, weight, temperature, weight, age, direction, etc.

Uses of Adjectives

1) placed before the noun.

2) can be used with all forms of nouns

Examples:

a) Adjectives with nouns:
(i) My mother is a beautiful woman.
(ii) John is driving an expensive car.

(iii) Father bought me a new notebook.

b) Adjectives with verbs:
(i) The principal is strict but kind.
(ii) That storybook is very interesting.

Marie (Potato People)

Using the notes below to help you, write about Marie in the novel ‘Potato People' by Angela Wright. Say why you admire her.

young – about sixteen years old – dark hair – bright, shining eyes – strong-willed – independent – knew what she wanted – tried to get it – wanted – go to America
brave and daring – went into – house – stole food – almost got caught – travelled alone until – met Patrick – adventurous – fun-loving – liked to have fun – enjoyed reading the future – told Patrick’s future from – palm – intelligent and determined – held Patrick back when Sean – arrested – advised him – stay away


Marie was a young girl of about sixteen years. She had dark hair and bright, shining eyes. She was strong-willed and independent. She knew what she wanted and tried to get it. She wanted to go to America.
She was brave and daring. One night she went into a house and stole food. She almost got caught. She travelled alone until she met Patrick.
She was adventurous and fun-loving. She liked to have fun and enjoyed reading the future. She told Patrick’s future from his palm. She was intelligent and determined. She held Patrick back when Sean was arrested and advised him to stay away to avoid being caught too.

Sean (Potato People)

Using the notes below to help you, write a few sentences about Sean in the novel ‘Potato People' by Angela Wright.

- tall man with flaming red hair – once from a rich and powerful family – home replaced by Lord Egham’s castle – now owned nothing – only rags – ‘a lord without a land and a general without an army’
- spent time playing – Irish harp and singing beautiful, sad songs – told Patrick to leave – Skullgoragh - never return
- daring and willful – murdered Mr Graystone – stole money from him – believed the money to be rightfully his – later gave Patrick the money for his fare – sail to America – bought him – food and drinks – Cork
- arrested – hanged for – murder – robbery


Sean was a tall man with flaming red hair. He was once from a rich and powerful family. His home was replaced by Lord Egham’s castle. He now owned nothing, only the rags on his back. He was ‘a lord without a land and a general without an army’.
He spent a lot of time playing the Irish harp and singing beautiful, sad songs. After the village was destroyed, he told Patrick to leave Skullgoragh and never return.
We see Sean as daring and willful. He murdered Mr Graystone and stole money from him because he believed the money was rightfully his. He later gave Patrick the money for his fare to sail to America and bought him food and drinks at Cork.
Later we learn that he is arrested and hanged for robbery and murder.

Don't Quit

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VkCFeNeqyHk&feature=related

Self Esteem

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S_xYUT_Zz6Y

Guided Writing - A Speech

Your teacher is retiring. You have been asked to give a speech at her farewell party. Using the notes below, write your speech in not less than 100 words.

Puan Salmah – fifty-eight tomorrow – retiring – thirty-five years teaching – twenty years in this school – in charge of English Society and Library – excellent teacher – great wisdom and knowledge – dedicated – diligent – determined – inspiration to many – friend to all – good example – will miss her – cheerful, caring and compassionate – motherly – thank and wish her well – accept small gift – token of appreciation – happy birthday – happy retirement and God bless.

A very good morning to ______________, the Principal, teachers and fellow students. I have been given the honour and privilege of saying a few words this morning as we wish farewell to one of our dearest and most dedicated teachers, Puan Salmah.
As you already know, Puan Salmah will be ______________ and she will be ___________ after ______________ of teaching. She has served in many schools and she began her service here ________________ ago as one of the pioneer teachers of this school. She has been in charge of the __________________ . she has been an __________________ teacher who has managed to share with us her great ____________________ and _______________ .
___________ in her duties, ______________ in her work and _____________ to help the students, she is good ___________ to many and an ______________ to all who have had the privilege of knowing her. We will certainly _________________ her ___________, __________ and _________________ ways. We would like Puan Salmah to ___________ this small _____________ as a _____________ of our ________________ . We wish her a very __________________ and also a happy ______________. ______________ you, dear Puan Salmah.
Thank you.

Idioms

1) Pull strings
Meaning : If somebody pulls strings, they use influential friends in order to obtain an advantage.

e.g. "Maimum found a job easily as her father just pulled a few strings!"

2) Keep someone posted
Meaning : If a person asks you to keep them posted, they want you to keep them informed about a situation

e,g, "My friend, Johan promised to keep me posted on the developments in the negotiations of the project."

Words of Wisdom

"Nobody gets to live life backward.

Look ahead, that is where yourfuture lies."

Ann Landers

Recipe : Nasi Ulam

prep 20 mins
makes 3

Ingredients:
3 heaped bowls of cooked white rice
100g salted fish, grilled or fried in sesame oil until fragrant and then pounded until fine
1 tsp black pepper
1/2 tsp white pepper
4 -5 cekur leaves (buy from the wet market)
1 turmeric leaf (buy from the wet market)
2 -3 kaffir lime leaves

Shredded finely
50g ginger, skinned
50g young galangal, skinned
50g young turmetic root, skinned

Method

1. Combine all the ingredients together in a large mixing bowl.
2. Mix well and serve.

Chef's tip

- This spicy dish is good for relieving "wind".
- It contains local herbal vegetables, different kinds of ginger and black and white pepper.
- You should use high-quality salted Mergui fish for this dish.

Da Bei Zhou

"Shanghai Tan"

Idioms

1) Stand on your own two feet
Meaning : If you stand on your own two feet, you are independent and need no help from anyone.
e.g. "When Aminah leaves home after a quarrel with her parents, she learns to stand on her own two feet."

2) Crocodile tears
Meaning : To shed crocodile tears means to shed false tears or show insincere grief.
e.g. "Zunaidah pretended to be sad when her mother passed away, but we all knew her tears were crocodile tears."

The World of the main character is full of problems and challenges (The Prisoner of Zenda)

Show how the world of the main character is full of problems and challenges. Give evidence from the novel to support your answer.

In The Prisoner of Zenda, ________________________ (1) found himself in a world that was deceptively ________________ (2) in appearance. The ______________ (3) in the kingdom of Ruritania was like _______________ (4) in a _____________. (5) It was a castle with ____________________ (6) and a drawbridge. On the other side, was the ________________(7) of Duke Michael – a _______________________ (8) building.
However, _______________ (9) was a kingdom thrown _______________. (10) Duke Michael wanted to have the ______________ (11) and Princess Flavia who was _______________ (12) the king. When the king was ______________ (13) Duke Michael, Rassendyll had _____________ (14) the king and appear at the __________________.(15) The nation was divided and the _______________ (16) Black Michael. Rassendyll accepted a job that was _________________.(17) He had only a_______________________(18) to help him save_________________ (19) and the throne. By accepting this job, he put his____________________________. (20) When Black Michael discovered the ____________________, (21) Rassendyll was thrown into ________________. (22) He finally saved ____________________ (23) and throne but not without ____________ (24) his own life every step of the way with Duke Michael and _________________ (25) after his blood.


(group of loyalists; kidnapped by; armybacked; calm and regal; old castle; country house; king’s coronation; throne; life at stake; endangering; his henchmen; the king; deadly peril; the king’s life; in turmoil; engaged to; modern and fine; full of danger; Rudolf Rassendyll; to impersonate; Ruritania; impersonation ploy; a castle; fairy story; a moat)

The Setting (The Prisoner of Zenda)

Write about the setting of the story.

The novel ‘The Prisoner of Zenda’ happened in the ________________________. (1)
The story began at the house of ________________________, (2) Rudolf Rassendyll’s brother in the city of ____________________. (3) Then, the reader arrives at another setting, an imaginary country called ________________ (4) in central Europe where ___________________________ (5) was travelling.
Most of the action in the story happened in Ruritania. Other places in the story are ________________, (6) _____________ (7) and _________________. (8) In Strelsau, Rudolf Rassendyll ____________________ (9) the king, ______________________ (10) during the _______________ (11) as he was ___________ (12) by his own brother, Duke Michael. The latter _______________ (13) and imprisoned the king in Zenda Castle so that he could ______________ (14) him and be the ________________. (15) King Rudolf V had met Rudolf Rassendyll himself when he was in Zenda. They looked alike.

(London; Zenda Castle; Zenda; Lord Burlesdon; coronation; drugged; 19th century; King Rudolf V; impersonated; Strelsau; Rudolf Rassendyll; overthrow; Ruritania; new king; kidnapped)

A Message (The Prisoner of Zenda)

Write about a message that the writer is trying to show in the story. Support your answer with evidence from the novel.

A _______________ (1) that is imparted in ‘The Prisoner of Zenda’ is that _________ (2) requires sacrifices.
Rudolf Rassendyll visited Ruritania, an _____________________ (3) in central Europe. It was here in ___________________, (4) that he had put ______________________ (5) for another country. He had to___________________________ (6) in order to save the ___________________. (7) The king had been drugged by _______________________, (8) Duke Michael who hoped to be the_____________________. (9)
Next, Rudolf Rassendyll rescued ______________________ (10) in Zenda Castle. He had been ___________________(11) by his own brother, _____________________. (12) Rudolf Rassendyll ____________________ (13) with Duke Michael’s men in order to ___________________________. (14)
Besides that, ________________________________ (15) met Princess Flavia and ___________________ (16) with her. Eventually, he ________________________ (17) so that she could _______________________ (18) and be his _________. (19) Rudolf Rassendyll left Ruritania with many ____________________. (20)

(fell in love ; King Rudolf V; save the king; message; impersonate the king; king’s throne; sacrifices; love; had to fight; his visit; Duke Michael; next king; imaginary country; Rudolf Rassendyll; held captive; his life at risk; marry the king; gave her up; his own brother; queen)

A Wicked Character (The Prisoner of Zenda)

Write about a character whom you found wicked. Support your answer with evidence from the novel.

In 'The Prisoner of Zenda’, I found ___________________ (1) wicked.
Duke Michael was the ___________________________(2) of King Rudolf V. He was _________________________.(3) He hoped to be the _____________________ (4) of _______________________ (5) so he planned to ____________________(6) his brother by ______________ (7) him. He kept him ____________ (8) and ____________ (9) him from attending __________________. (10)
Duke Michael also tried to ___________ (11) Rudolf Rassendyll. He knew that ___________________________ (12) was trying to ___________ (13) the king. Therefore he _____________ (14) him so that his plans would ______________. (15) However, he failed in his _____________ (16) and tried to ____________ (17) Rudolf Rassendyll. In the end, Duke Michael _________ (18) in the hands of ___________________________. (19)

(captive ; kill ; succeed; Rudolf Rassendyll ; next king ; rescue ; Duke Michael ; died ; the coronation ; attempt; drugging ; bribe; dethrone ; younger brother; prevented; greedy for power ; Rupert Hentzau ; bribed ; Ruritania)

A Lesson Learnt (The Prisoner of Zenda by Anthony Hope Hawkins)

Write about a lesson that you have learnt. Support your answer with evidence from the novel.

A ________________________ (1) that I learnt from ‘The Prisoner of Zenda’ is ___________________________ (2) at all costs.
______________________ (3) travelled to Ruritania, an imaginary country in ___________________. (4) He ________________ (5) King Rudolf V when the ___________ (6) was held captive in _____________________ (7) by his own brother, Duke Michael. __________________ (8) wanted to _______________ (9) King Rudolf V so that he can become the next king of __________________ . (10) His greed for _______________ (11) caused him to _______________(12) his own brother, _______________________ (13) to prevent him from attending the ________________.(14) After that, he caught King Rudolf V as a ____________ (15) in Zenda Castle. Here, Rudolf Rassendyll came to _____________ (16) the king.
I say that Rudolf Rassendyll was _______________________ (17) for he risked his ______________ (18) to save the king. Moreover, he was not a _____________ (19) of Ruritania. He was honourable for he did not break his _______________. (20) The evil Duke Michael tried to ___________ (21) him with _____________________________ (22) pounds but he was not _____________ (23) by the money.
Next, I say that Rudolf Rassendyll was honourable because he _________________ (24) his love, _____________________(25) so that she could marry King Rudolf V and be his queen. From his positive characteristics, I have learnt that we have to be honourable in life.

(central Europe ; coronation; being honourable; Duke Michael ; power ; one hundred thousand; lesson; overthrow; impersonated ; rescue ; Zenda Castle ; sacrificed ; Ruritania ; captive ; drug ; Rudolf Rassendyll; honourable ; King Rudolf V ; promise ; own life ; Princess Flavia; bribe; king ; tempted; citizen)

Countable Nouns

Countable nouns:

A countable noun is a type of noun that can be: -
- in both the singular form and the plural form
- for example : two cats, five books

Rules For Using Singular Countable Nouns

1. A determiner must be used before noun(or adverb) if adjectives are used,
- for example : a, the, this, one, ours, his etc.

2. The articles "a" or "an" can be used.

3. Only the number one can be used to state the amount.

4. Possessive adjectives may be used
- for example : my, his, our etc.

5. Quantifiers can't be used.

6. Demonstrative adjectives can be used
- for example : this, that etc.

Rules For Using Plural Countable Nouns

1.A determiner is optional before noun(or adverb) if adjectives are used.

2. The articles "a" or "an" can't be used.

3. Any number bigger than two can be used to state an amount.

4. Possessive adjectives may be used
- for example : his, our, etc.

5. Quantifiers can be used,
- for example : some, any, many, a lot etc.

6. Demonstrative adjectives can be used
- for example : these, those etc.

Example of Countable Nouns:

Noun : cat

Noun In The Singular Form : The cat is cute.

Noun In The Plural Form : The cats are cute.

Noun Represented By A Number : There are eight cats in the house.

Nouns

What is a noun? -
- a noun is a word that is used to define a person, animal or living object, place, thing or quality.

Types of nouns

a) Common Nouns - general nouns
- for example : bus, book, doctor, bird, hospital, etc.

b) Countable Nouns - nouns that can be counted,
- for example : girl - girls, ox - oxen, lady - ladies, watch - watches, etc.

c) Uncountable Nouns - nouns that can't be counted,
- for example : sugar, milk, hair, etc.

d) Collective Nouns - nouns that refer to a group of things or people
- for example : a bouquet of flowers, a swarm of bees, a band of musicians, etc.

e) Proper Nouns - nouns that refer to a specific name of a person, corporation, company, product,
- for example : Ramli, Acer, Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Proton Wira, etc.

f) Concrete Nouns - a noun that is a physical object, something that can be touched and seen,
- for example : fish, school, desk, television, etc.

g) Abstract Nouns - a noun is not a physical object, it can't be touched physically. They are ideas and feelings
- for example : honesty, happiness, joy, beauty, etc.